Active-Duty female personnel make up nearly 18% of our current armed forces - or about 225,000 of our 1.3 million servicemembers. Even before the ban prohibiting women from participating in combat was lifted in 2015, many female troops were experienced in combat. Unfortunately, many of these Americans have also experienced the ugly specter of military sexual trauma (MST) committed by fellow servicemembers. It is estimated nearly one of every three female military personnel has been sexually assaulted, compared with an average of one of every six female civilians. There were 8,185 military sexual assaults reported to the Department of Defense by servicemembers in 2024. Most victims of MST are female junior enlists under the age of 25 who were harassed by someone in their chain of command. Even so, the majority of MSTs are not reported to authorities. A recent confidential survey conducted by the military estimated that about 35,900 active-duty service members said they had experienced some form of unwanted sexual contact in 2021. Of those 35,900, 19,300 women and 16,600 men said they experienced unwanted sexual contact. Separately, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) received 57,400 claims for military sexual trauma in fiscal year 2024, an 18% increase from the previous year. This increase is attributed to outreach efforts encouraging veterans to file claims.

Advocates claim many homeless female veterans suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder as a result of experiencing combat and having been sexually harassed or assaulted during their time in the service. Approximately one out of five women who visits VA facilities tells their health care provider they experienced sexual trauma while in the military. Advocates say these crimes undermine the morale and cohesion of our military units. They also say many convicted offenders go unpunished because superiors often overturn their convictions. One study found the DoD vastly underreports the number of sexual assaults committed by servicemembers against civilians, including many assaults against civilian spouses of military personnel. In 2021, General Mark Milley, then-Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, dropped his long-held opposition to removing sexual assault prosecution decisions from military commanders. His shift in position was a significant development in the debate over how the military handles sexual assault cases.

Pending Legislation: Senate version of H.R.2201 - Improving VA Training for Military Sexual Trauma Claims Act (passed House 5/19/2025)
Sponsor: Rep. Young Kim (CA)
Status: Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs
Chair: Sen. Jerry Moran (KS)